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Walsh & Mulhearn 1987
Walsh, A.L. and Mulhearn, P.J. (1987). Photographic measurements of bubble populations from breaking wind waves at sea. Journal of Geophysical Research 92: doi: 10.1029/JC080i013p14553. issn: 0148-0227.

A photographic technique was used to measure bubble size spectra at depths of 0.5--2.0 m in wind speeds of 2--14 m s-1. Sampled bubble populations were found to be highly variable with time. The bubble density was found to be a strong function of wind speed, W, varying as W3.3 and few bubbles were found below 6 m s-1. For wind speeds between 6 m s-1 and 14 m s-1 the total air volume entrained by bubbles increased as W4.9. The state of development of the wave height spectrum also appeared to influence the bubble density. Bubble size spectra varied with radius, r, on average, as r-4. The more limited oceanic results of previous workers are compatible with these findings. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1987

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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