Acoustic backscatter images are presented of the continuous flow turbidity current resulting from mine tailing discharge into Rupert Inlet. The current flows partially within a submarine channel, which both hooks to the left and meanders. The images show the turbidity current spilling over the outer levees at channel bends. A model for continuous turbidity flow incorporating overspill is developed and applied to the left-hooking section of the submarine channel. It is very likely that the observed overspill is primarily an inertial effect resulting from the outer bank being more sharply curved than the channel axis. The model results are combined with a sediment accumulation budget based on successive seismic profiling surveys and with results for surge-type flows (taken from the companion paper (Hay, this issue)). It shows that surges are primarily responsible for the transport of tailing to large distances from the point of discharge and should recur at 1- to 2-day intervals on average. This is consistent with the characteristics of coarse-grained turbidites observed in cores from the levees. Relative to the intervening fine-grained mud deposits the turbidites increase both in thickness and frequency in the downchannel direction. Furthermore, the surge recurrence interval obtained from the number of turbidites per core and the local accumulation rate is 2--5 days, essentially the same as that obtained from the model. Suspended tailing transport within the channel appears to be dominated by surge-type turbidity currents except close to the outfall. It is concluded that the surge-type flows are most responsible for the formation and morphology of much of the channel. It is not clear, however, that the meanders are formed principally by surges. Although the surges occur frequently and transport most of the sediment in the meander reach, the volume transport is dominated by continuous flow. ¿American Geophysical Union 1987 |