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Detailed Reference Information |
Hallock, Z.R. and Teague, W.J. (1995). On the meridional surface profile of the Gulf Stream at 55°W. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: doi: 10.1029/95JC00943. issn: 0148-0227. |
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Nine-month records from nine inverted echo sounders (IESs) are analyzed to describe the mean baroclinic Gulf Stream at 55¿W. IES acoustic travel times are converted to thermocline depth which is optimally interpolated. Kinematic and dynamic parameters (Gulf Stream meridional position, velocity, and vorticity) are calculated. Primary Gulf Stream variability is attributed to meandering and changes in direction. A mean, stream-coordinate (relative to Gulf Stream instantaneous position and direction) meridional profile is derived and compared with results presented by other investigators. The mean velocity is estimated at 0.84 m s-1 directed 14¿ to the right of eastward, and the thermocline (12 ¿C) drops 657 m (north to south), corresponding to a baroclinic rise of the surface of 0.87 m. The effect of Gulf Stream curvature on temporal mean profiles is found to be unimportant and of minimal importance overall. The derived, downstream current profile is well represented by a Gaussian function and is about 190 km wide where it crosses zero. Surface baroclinic transport is estimated to be 8.5¿104 m2 s-1, and maximum shear (flanking the maximum) is 1.2¿10-5 s-1. Results compare well with other in situ observational results from the same time period. On the other hand, analyses (by others) of concurrent satellite altimetry (Geosat) suggest a considerably narrower, more intense mean Gulf Stream. |
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Abstract |
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Keywords
Oceanography, Physical, Western boundary currents, Oceanography, Physical, Eddies and mesoscale processes, Oceanography, Physical, Fronts and jets |
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union 2000 Florida Avenue N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009-1277 USA 1-202-462-6900 1-202-328-0566 service@agu.org |
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