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Dahl & Jessup 1995
Dahl, P.H. and Jessup, A.T. (1995). On bubble clouds produced by breaking waves: An event analysis of ocean acoustic measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: doi: 10.1029/94JC03019. issn: 0148-0227.

A field experiment was carried out to measure the time-varying properties of bubble clouds as they evolve from ocean breaking waves. The experiment was conducted from the floating instrument platform Flip and consisted of simultaneous, colocated acoustic measurements of subsurface bubbles and video recordings of the sea surface. Details of two breaking wave events are presented. The results of the acoustic measurements of bubble density and their entrainment depth are reported for the time t/Tc>3, where t is the time from breaking and Tc is a characteristic timescale based on the speed of the breaking wave crest as estimated from the video recordings. Order of magnitude values for the air-void fraction β, vertical eddy diffusivity kv, and kinetic energy dissipation &egr; associated with breaking waves are presented. The wind speed dependence of average acoustic backscattering properties over the course of the experiment is also given. ¿American Geophysical Union 1995

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Abstract

Keywords
Oceanography, Physical, Air/sea interactions, Oceanography, Physical, Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes, Oceanography, Physical, Upper ocean processes, Oceanography, General, Ocean acoustics
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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