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Riggin et al. 1997
Riggin, D.M., Fritts, D.C., Fawcett, C.D., Kudeki, E. and Hitchman, M.H. (1997). Radar observations of gravity waves over Jicamarca, Peru, during the CADRE campaign. Journal of Geophysical Research 102: doi: 10.1029/96JD03675. issn: 0148-0227.

We present results obtained with the mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar at Jicamarca, Peru, from three 10-day experiments in January 1993, March 1994, and August 1994. Horizontal and vertical velocities were measured over ranges spanning the lower part of the stratosphere and most of the mesosphere. In the stratosphere, the fluctuating part of the wind field was found to be dominated by inertia-gravity waves. Sinusoids of different period were fit to the velocity time series using a least squares procedure. The dominant periods of the inertia-gravity wave motions were found to be 1.5 days for the January 1993 experiment and 2.1 days for the August 1994 experiment. For the January 1993 experiment, the amplitudes and phases of the inertia-gravity wave oscillations were extracted for the vertical as well as the horizontal components. The vertical amplitude of the 1.5-day period wave was small (<0.1 m s-1), but measurable with the Jicamarca radar. The intrinsic periods of the inertia-gravity waves were inferred from the fits using two different methods. The first method predicted the intrinsic period using the orbital ellipses traced out in time by fits to the horizontal winds. The second method used information taken from the vertical as well as the horizontal fits. The values of intrinsic period made using the second method were found to have much less scatter than the values inferred solely from the orbital ellipses. The momentum flux estimates in both the stratosphere and mesosphere were found to depend significantly on the exact methodology used. A technique was adopted whereby estimates were formed only when radial velocities were measured simultaneously on both beams of a coplanar beam pair. Most of the total wave stress was usually contributed by waves at periods ≥4 hours in the stratosphere and ≥1 hour in the mesosphere. In the stratosphere, localized layers of enhanced momentum flux were sometimes observed. The obvious anticorrelation between the shear of the mean wind and the momentum flux in these layers suggests that they were caused by in situ generation of waves by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, rather than gravity waves propagating from lower levels. At short periods, momentum flux spectra in the stratosphere and mesosphere showed numerous positive and negative peaks. A correlation analysis revealed that the high-frequency peaks were associated with discrete wave packets. The short-scale waves associated with these packets were fairly isotropic in their direction of propagation, and due to cancellation they contributed little net momentum. ¿ 1997 American Geophysical Union

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Keywords
Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Middle atmosphere dynamics (0341, 0342), Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Waves and tides, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Tropical meteorology, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Instruments and techniques
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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