We constructed a meteor wind radar in an observatory near Jakarta, Indonesia, through collaboration between Japan and Indonesia, which has been operating continuously since November 1992. Horizontal wind velocity fluctuations were determined for altitudes between 75 and 100 km with time and height resolutions of 1 hour and 4 km, respectively. We also launched radiosondes from Bandung, four times a day from November 1992 to April 1993, and obtained profiles of horizontal wind velocity and temperature at 0--35 km with a height resolution of 150 m. Further, the data collected during the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA/COARE) campaign have been particularly used to investigate the horizontal variations of diurnal oscillations. Overall structure of the observed wind velocity profiles agreed well with the model diurnal winds above 20 km, with a dominant vertical wavelength of 25--30 km. However, disagreements appeared below 20 km, showing significantly larger amplitudes and complicated phase structures, which may suggest the effects of nonmigrating tides. Diurnal oscillations of the temperature in the lower atmosphere were described very well by a numerical model. ¿ 1997 American Geophysical Union