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Rinnert et al. 1985
Rinnert, K., Lanzerotti, L.J., Dehmel, G., Gliem, F.O., Krider, E.P. and Uman, M.A. (1985). Measurements of the RF characteristics of earth lightning with the galileo probe lightning experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research 90: doi: 10.1029/JD090iD04p06239. issn: 0148-0227.

We present the results of some measurements of Earth lightning made with the functional unit of the Galileo probe RF lightning experiment. The frequency range used is ~100 Hz to 100 kHz. The measurements were carried out in conjunction with simultaneous studies of lightning sources made by the University of Florida lightning research group. We find that the typical RF pulse duration times are <30 μs, independent of lightning source distance <250 km. We also find that the time between successive pulses is either quite short (<64 μs), corresponding to the time between intracloud pulses and to the time between bipolar pulses, or occur around 100 ms, corresponding to the time between return strokes in ground discharges. The RF spectra are found to become less steep (relatively more power at the higher frequencies) during an interval of intense, nearby (<150 km) storms.

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Abstract

Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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