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Rinnert et al. 1989
Rinnert, K., Lauderdale II, R., Lanzerotti, L.J., Krider, E.P. and Uman, M.A. (1989). Characteristics of magnetic field pulses in earth lightning measured by the Galileo Probe instrument. Journal of Geophysical Research 94: doi: 10.1029/89JD00688. issn: 0148-0227.

A lightning-measuring instrument designed for the Galileo Probe emission to Jupiter has monitored the magnetic field signals of Earth lightning for several years. The instrument performs spectral measurements in the narrow-band channels at 3, 15, and 90 kHz (frequency domain) and waveform measurements (time domain) in the band 0.1--100 kHz. In the time domain the instrument accumulates statistical distributions of pulse amplitude, pulse duration, and interpulse interval or gap time during a present measuring period. The largest amplitude waveform that occurs during the measuring period is also digitized for a window of 1 ms. This paper summarizes the time domain statistics that were made during four storms that exhibited low to moderate lightning rates. Waveforms are presented that appear to be typical cloud discharge waveforms, and their characteristics are presented. For individual pulses or pulse bursts, the mean interpulse gap time and duration time were found to be 74 and 42 μs, respectively. On the average, bipolar pulses were found to be asymmetric, with the ratio of the amplitude of the first half cycle to the second half cycle being 1.4. The evaluation of the waveform statistics shows that the instrument does provide statistics that are representative of terrestrial intracloud and cloud-to-ground discharges. A minimum was found around 100 μs in the gap time distribution of waveform pulses in several studied storms. During one local storm, a periodicity was observed in the in the lightning pulse rate. The pulse activity was modulated within a broad envelope that peaked every 2--3 min. This modulation may be an indication of the existence of locally active charge regions that have lifetimes of a few minutes. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1989

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Abstract

Keywords
Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Lightning
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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