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Krimigis et al. 1975
Krimigis, S.M., Sarris, E.T. and Armstrong, T.P. (1975). Observations of Jovian electron events in the vicinity of earth. Geophysical Research Letters 2: doi: 10.1029/GL002i012p00561. issn: 0094-8276.

A number of quiet-time enhancements in the intensity of interplanetary electrons over the range 0.22≲E≲2.5 MeV have been observed with the JHU/APL experiment on the earth orbiting near-circular (~32 by 38 Re) Explorer 47 (IMP-7) spacecraft during 1973 and 1974. These quiet-time increases last from ~3 to ~20 days and are observed both in the interplanetary medium and inside the magnetotail. The main features of the observations are as follows: (a) The increases occur during the first 200 days of 1973 and from day ~20 to ~230 in 1974. (b) The intensity onset is relatively slow (1 to 2 days) when compared to either solar electron events or magnetospheric electron bursts. (c) The electron energy spectrum is quite distinct from that of solar or magnetospheric electrons and is consistent with &ggr;=1.3¿0.3 in a differential power law spectrum. (d) Significant anisotropies are present, several days after the onset of the increase. (e) Some distinct fluctuations appear in some of the intensity profiles, suggesting the presence of a modulated source. The appearance of these enhancements occurs during times when the earth could be magnetically connected to the magnetosphere of Jupiter, assuming typical solar wind velocities. Further, the energy spectrum is not unlike that observed by instrumentation on Pioneer 10 in the vicinity of Jupiter. On the basis of the above it is reasonable to suggest that the observed electrons may be of Jovian origin. The implications of these results are discussed, and it is suggested that interconnection between the interplanetary and Jovian magnetic field takes place. Using this concept, a length of the Jovian magnetotail of ~4.6 AU is computed.

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Geophysical Research Letters
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