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Tanaka & Turekian 1995
Tanaka, N. and Turekian, K.K. (1995). Determination of the dry deposition flux of SO2 using cosmogenic 35S and 7Be measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: doi: 10.1029/94JD02305. issn: 0148-0227.

The radionuclides 35S (half-life=87 days) and 7Be (half-life=53 days) are produced in the atmosphere by cosmic rays. The former quickly becomes gaseous 35SO2 while 7Be is directly associated with aerosols. The production rates of both nuclides increase virtually exponentially with increasing altitude. Conversion of 35SO2 to particulate 35SO4 is effected by oxidation after which, like 7Be, it is subject to removal by precipitation in the troposphere. The 35SO2 is also removed from the gaseous state by solution and oxidation in water droplets (clouds) and, at the planetary surface, through ''dry deposition'' (i.e., oxidation on plant and other surfaces). The kinetics controlling removal of 35SO2 also operate on SO2 in the atmosphere from natural and pollution sources. Through measurements of 35SO2, 23SO4, 7Be, SO2 and SO4 in air samples in the boundary layer and the wet precipitation fluxes of the 35SO4, 7Be, and SO4 integrated over monthly intervals, we have established the following parameters at New Haven, Connecticut for 1992. Based on the 7Be balance the average effective height of the troposphere, Ht, varies from 13 km for the winter months to 17 through 21 km for the spring and summer months. The height of the surface reactive ''boundary'' layer, Hb, is about 0.5 km for all but the month of August. By optimization procedures, best solutions were obtained for scavenging coefficients for both the free troposphere and the surface reactive layer together with the dry deposition coefficient and the mean residence time of air in the surface reactive layer. The highest fraction of dry deposition flux to total S flux occurred in the fall and winter. The weighted average for the entire year is 0.25. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1995

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Troposphere—composition and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801), Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Geochemical cycles, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Pollution—urban and regional
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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