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Detailed Reference Information |
Brenninkmeijer, C.A.M., Lowe, D.C., Manning, M.R., Sparks, R.J. and van Velthoven, P.F.J. (1995). The 13C, 14C, and 18O isotopic composition of CO, CH4, and CO2 in the higher southern latitudes lower stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: doi: 10.1029/95JD02528. issn: 0148-0227. |
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Large air samples were collected in the lower stratosphere (10--12 km) from 43¿ to 85 ¿S in June 1993, using a special compressor system. For the important trace gases CO, CH4, and CO2, concentration and isotopic analyses were carried out and significant correlations were discovered. The 14CO isotope is considerably in excess of tropospheric levels with very high values from 40 to 120 14CO molecules/cm3 STP (corresponding to 12,500 percent modern carbon, at 30 ppbv), and is negatively correlated with CO. The linear relationship is used to estimate OH to be 2.9¿105 cm-3. The 18O/16O ratios for CO are the lowest ever measured and reflect the inverse kinetic isotope effect in the oxidation of CO by OH. The 13C/12C ratios for CO are not much different from tropospheric values and confirm that fractionation is small but also that the in situ contribution from CH4 oxidation is minor. For CH4 a correlation between Δ13C and concentration exists from which a fractionation factor for the sink reaction (k12/k13) of about 1.012 is calculated, well in excess of results from laboratory experiments for OH+CH4. The most plausible explanation presently is the removal of approximately 9% of CH4 by Cl atoms, which, as laboratory experiments have just confirmed, induces a very large fractionation. We also reveal a linear correlation between 14CO and 14CO2, precursor and product. Finally, an analysis of potential vorticity shows a structure that seems to give an overall agreement with the trace gas variations. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1995 |
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Abstract |
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Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Middle atmosphere—composition and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Troposphere—composition and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Troposphere—constituent transport and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Instruments and techniques |
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union 2000 Florida Avenue N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009-1277 USA 1-202-462-6900 1-202-328-0566 service@agu.org |
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