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Sinha & Sundaram 1976
Sinha, M. and Sundaram, A.K. (1976). On the triggering of an isolated magnetic substorm: A theory. Geophysical Research Letters 3: doi: 10.1029/GL003i002p00057. issn: 0094-8276.

We propose a high frequency electromagnetic instability of non resonant type, driven by cross current as a source for the onset of substorm expansion phase and the field line reconnection beyond 15RE. By including a normal component of the tail field, BZ, we find that the instability can be quenched provided BZ exceeds certain threshold value -1.8¿106Te/&lgr; gauss (0.06&ggr;, for typical values in the neutral sheet).

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Geophysical Research Letters
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American Geophysical Union
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