Nitrogen isotope variations preserved in Santa Barbara Basin sediments are used to evaluate changes in denitrification in the eastern tropical North Pacific (ETNP) during the last 50,000 years. A significant component of the subsurface waters (~100--400 m) that presently fill the Santa Barbara Basin is derived from the low-oxygen, denitrifying zone in the ETNP, and the nitrate in these waters has a Δ15N value of 8--9?. During the last glacial, the Δ15N values of Santa Barbara Basin sediments were typically 6--7?, indicating decreased denitrification in the ETNP and a better oxygenated intermediate water mass in the Santa Barbara Basin at this time. This reduced denitrification during the last glacial would have increased the pool of fixed nitrogen and may have contributed to the higher productivity previously reported for various regions of the global ocean during this period. At the onset of deglaciation, sediment Δ15N values increase by more than 2?, indicating increased denitrification in the ETNP. During Younger Dryas time, Δ15N values decreased by 3? and record a brief return to better ventilated conditions in the subsurface waters of the ETNP. This is followed by an increase in Δ15N to over 9? at ~10,000 years ago, indicating intense denitrification at the beginning of the Holocene. ¿ 2000 American Geophysical Union