The Recoˆncavo-Tucano-Jatob¿ (RTJ) Rift and many other smaller sedimentary basins in northeast Brazil formed during South Atlantic rifting and were subsequently uplifted and exhumed so that Albian marine sediments are now located up to 800 m above sea level some 400 km inland from the Atlantic margin. Local erosion caused by footwall uplift and regional erosion, probably resulting from magmatic underplating and uplift, has removed a large part of the thermal sag phase sediments from the RTJ Rift. The flexural cantilever model, incorporating the flexural isostatic response to simple-shear faulting in the upper crust and pure-shear necking of the lower crust and upper mantle, can explain the main geometrical features observed in the RTJ Rift without resort to lithosphere scale detachments. The model has also been used to estimate the amount of uplift and erosion of the faulted rift flanks. Rift flank erosion can produce uplift and erosion across the whole RTJ Rift, thus explaining the postrift unconformity which preceded deposition of the Aptian age Marizal Formation. The largest uplift is predicted to occur at the edges of the basin and may explain the anomalously shallow depth to onset of oil generation at the basin margins deduced from vitrinite reflectance data. The model also predicts that maximum burial of much of the basin fill in the RTJ Rift occurred at the end of rifting and not during the postrift infill, as is usually the case. The amount of observed coarse conglomeratic detritus in the Recoˆncavo subbasin suggests that about 25% of the eroded footwall detritus was deposited and preserved in the adjacent hanging wall half-graben, with the rest being transported more distally as finer material.