EarthRef.org Reference Database (ERR)
Development and Maintenance by the EarthRef.org Database Team

Detailed Reference Information
Constantz 1993
Constantz, J. (1993). Confirmation of rate-dependent behavior in water retention during drainage in nonswelling porous materials. Water Resources Research 29: doi: 10.1029/93WR00005. issn: 0043-1397.

In the water retention process in porous material, changes in water content are assumed to be independent of the rate at which the matric potential varies. Periodically, researchers have presented results that do not support this assumption, indicating that water retention may be rate-dependent under certain conditions. In the present study, long-term experiments were performed on five porous materials in which core samples were drained at different rates down to matrix potentials of -50 kPa. Comparisons of these results with previous results confirm that slight rate-dependent behavior occurs during drainage of porous materials in this matric potential range. Specifically, new and previous results indicate that on average 4--5% more water was retained for a slow, multistep drainage versus a fast, one-step drainage treatment. For the present study, average results for individual materials were variable, ranging from a 1 to a 10% difference in water content due to treatment. Several possible mechanisms for the observed rate-dependent behavior are discussed. The only plausible mechanism is related to variations in pore water salt concentrations that induce differences in the pore water surface tension for fast versus slow drainage. Regardless of the mechanism, results suggest that rate-dependent behavior during water retention may contribute to an enhanced temperature dependent of water retention, due to higher rates of water redistribution at higher temperatures.

BACKGROUND DATA FILES

Abstract

Keywords
Hydrology, Soil moisture
Journal
Water Resources Research
http://www.agu.org/wrr/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
2000 Florida Avenue N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20009-1277
USA
1-202-462-6900
1-202-328-0566
service@agu.org
Click to clear formClick to return to previous pageClick to submit