We report analyses of hydrogen abundance in experimentally annealed and natural mantle minerals using FTIR and use these data to establish calibration lines for measurement of H2O concentrations in olivine, pyroxenes, garnet, amphibole and mica by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). We have reduced the detection limit for H2O analysis by SIMS to 2--4 ppm H2O (by weight) through careful attention to sample preparation and vacuum quality. The accuracy of the SIMS calibrations depends on the choice of FTIR extinction coefficients; however, all of the calibrations reported here are shown to be consistent with measurements on standards whose H2O abundance has been determined independently via manometry or nuclear reaction analysis. The resulting calibrations are accurate to 10--30% at the 95% confidence limit, with improvements possible through the use of higher-H2O standards. Using our SIMS calibration, we determined hydrogen concentrations in coexisting olivine, orthopyroxene, and glass from a single melting experiment at 2 GPa and 1380¿C. Olivine/melt and orthopyroxene/melt partition coefficients are equal to 0.0020 ¿ 0.0002 and 0.0245 ¿ 0.0015, respectively, and the orthopyroxene/olivine coefficient is 12 ¿ 4 (2σ uncertainties).