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Hirose 2002
Hirose, K. (2002). Phase transitions in pyrolitic mantle around 670-km depth: Implications for upwelling of plumes from the lower mantle. Journal of Geophysical Research 107: doi: 10.1029/2001JB000597. issn: 0148-0227.

Phase relations in the natural pyrolitic mantle composition (KLB-1) around 670-km depth have been determined at 1600--2200¿C by high-pressure experiments using multianvil apparatus. A phase transition between majorite garnet and Al-bearing Mg-rich perovskite occurs at depths similar to the postspinel phase transition. The seismic discontinuity observed at this depth could be caused by a combination of both transitions. The majorite-perovskite transition boundary has a positive Clausius-Clapeyron slope (+0.0013 GPa/¿C for majorite-out curve), in contrast to the negative slope of the postspinel phase boundary (-0.0028 GPa/¿C). Both transition boundaries cross each other at 1700--1800¿C. Below this temperature, formation of Mg-perovskite starts at the majorite-perovskite or akimotoite-perovskite transition coexisting with ringwoodite but is predominantly formed by the postspinel phase transition at higher pressures. On the other hand, the stability of majorite significantly expands relative to Mg-perovskite at higher temperatures. Majorite becomes a dominant postspinel phase, and a majority of Mg-perovskite is formed by the majorite-perovskite transition with a positive Clapeyron slope. Phase transition within high-temperature plumes (>1800¿C at 670-km depth) assists their upwelling from the lower mantle through the 670-km boundary. The depth of the 670-km seismic discontinuity becomes much less temperature-sensitive and is greater in such a higher temperature region.

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Abstract

Keywords
Mineralogy and Petrology, Experimental mineralogy and petrology, Mineral Physics, High-pressure behavior, Volcanology, Hydrothermal systems
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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