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Sato & Fukunishi 2003
Sato, M. and Fukunishi, H. (2003). Global sprite occurrence locations and rates derived from triangulation of transient Schumann resonance events. Geophysical Research Letters 30: doi: 10.1029/2003GL017291. issn: 0094-8276.

We estimated locations and rates of sprite occurrences on a global scale using 1--100 Hz ELF magnetic field waveform data obtained at Syowa station in Antarctica and Onagawa observatory in Japan. From the ELF data obtained in a period between June 19, 2001 and January 20, 2002, we identified 715,500 events of transient Schumann resonances (SRs). The locations and polarizations of these parent cloud-to-ground (CG) discharges were determined by a triangulation method. The charge moments of these CG discharges were calculated with a normal mode expansion model of SR waves. From these results and the empirical sprite initiation probability reported by Hu et al. <2002>, the global occurrence rate of sprites is estimated to be about 720 events/day on average. It is also found that the active regions of sprite occurrences are located in North and South America, Africa and South-East Asia.

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Abstract

Keywords
Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Lightning, Radio Science, Remote sensing, Global Change, Remote sensing, Electromagnetics, Guided waves
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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