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Hanson & Eisele 2002
Hanson, D.R. and Eisele, F.L. (2002). Measurement of prenucleation molecular clusters in the NH3, H2SO4, H2O system. Journal of Geophysical Research 107: doi: 10.1029/2001JD001100. issn: 0148-0227.

The molecular cluster ions HSO4-(H2SO4)n-1(NH3)m corresponding to the neutral species (H2SO4)n(NH3)m for n = 2 to 6 and m = 0 to n-1 have been observed at temperatures up to ~285 K. A transverse chemical ionization apparatus was located inside a cooled flow tube where water, sulfuric acid, and ammonia vapors mixed and formed clusters. The complexities of the experimental technique and the interpretation of the results are extensively discussed. Typical NH3 and H2SO4 concentrations were 2 ¿ 109 cm-3, i.e, ~100 pptv at atmospheric pressure. For these conditions, cluster concentrations were estimated to be a few times 106 cm-3 and the critical, particle-forming cluster likely contained 2 H2SO4 molecules at 275 K. The results are consistent with the species (H2SO4)2NH3 playing an important role in the formation of new particles in the atmosphere.

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801), Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Chemical kinetic and photochemical properties, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Ion chemistry of the atmosphere (2419, 2427), Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Instruments and techniques
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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