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Drennan et al. 2003
Drennan, W.M., Graber, H.C., Hauser, D. and Quentin, C. (2003). On the wave age dependence of wind stress over pure wind seas. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: doi: 10.1029/2000JC000715. issn: 0148-0227.

Data from five recent field campaigns are selected for pure wind sea, deep water, and fully rough flow conditions. The combined data set includes a wide range of wave ages, with high variability in both friction velocity and wave phase speed. These data, which are expected to follow Monin-Obukhov similarity scaling, are used to investigate the influence of wave age on wind stress. The relationship between the dimensionless roughness and inverse wave age is found to be zo/σ = 13.4 (u*/cp)3.4, where zo is the surface roughness length, σ is the standard deviation of the surface elevation, u* is the friction velocity, and cp is the wave phase speed at the peak of the spectrum. This relationship, which represents a significant dependence of roughness on wave age, was obtained using a procedure that minimizes the effects of spurious correlation in u*. It is also shown to be consistent with the wave age relationship derived using an alternate form of the dimensionless roughness, namely, the Charnock parameter zog/u*2, where g is the gravitational constant.

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Abstract

Keywords
Oceanography, Physical, Air/sea interactions, Oceanography, General, Marine meteorology, Oceanography, Physical, Surface waves and tides, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Boundary layer processes
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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