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Gondwe et al. 2003
Gondwe, M., Krol, M., Gieskes, W., Klaassen, W. and de Baar, H. (2003). The contribution of ocean-leaving DMS to the global atmospheric burdens of DMS, MSA, SO2, and NSS SO4 =. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 17: doi: 10.1029/2002GB001937. issn: 0886-6236.

The contribution of ocean-derived DMS to the atmospheric burdens of a variety of sulphur compounds (DMS, MSA, SO2, and nss SO4=) is quantified from season to season. Such quantification, especially for nss SO4= (the climate-relevant product of DMS oxidation), is essential for the quantification of the radiative forcing of climate that may be attributable to marine phytoplankton under possible future climate conditions. Three-dimensional chemical transport modeling up to the stratosphere is used as a tool in realizing this aim. Global data sets on oceanic and terrestrial sulphur sources are used as input. We find that the contribution of ocean-leaving DMS to the global annually averaged column burdens of the modeled compounds is considerable: 11.9 ¿mol m-2 (98% of total global burden) for DMS; 0.95 ¿mol m-2 (94% of total global burden) for MSA; 2.8 ¿mol m-2 (32% of total global burden) for SO2 and 2.5 ¿mol m-2 (18% of total global burden) for nss SO4=. The mean annual contribution of DMS to the climate-relevant nss SO4= column burden is greatest in the relatively pristine Southern Hemisphere, where it is estimated at 43%. This contribution is only 9% in the Northern Hemisphere, where anthropogenic sulphur sources are overwhelming. The marine algal-derived input of the other modeled sulphur compounds (DMS, MSA, and SO2) is also greatest in the Southern Hemisphere where a lower oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, a larger sea-to-air transfer of DMS and a larger emission surface area lead to an elevation of the atmospheric DMS burden.

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Abstract

Keywords
Global Change, Biogeochemical processes, Global Change, Impact phenomena, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Ocean/atmosphere interactions (0312, 4504), Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Climatology
Journal
Global Biogeochemical Cycles
http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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