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Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., De Pascale, M., Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Sparvoli, R., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Vacchi, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Cafagna, F., Circella, M., De Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Papini, P., Spillantini, P., Straulino, S., Vannuccini, E., Ricci, M. and Castellini, G. (2003). Isotope composition of secondary hydrogen and helium above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: doi: 10.1029/2002JA009684. issn: 0148-0227. |
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In this paper we report on the energy spectra and abundance ratios of hydrogen and helium isotopes of albedo origin, measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 in near-equatorial regions. The instrument NINA flew on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at a 830 km average altitude. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000 at an altitude of about 450 km. NINA and NINA-2 measurements revealed that 2H, 3H, 3He, and 4He are a significant portion of the secondary flux above the atmosphere. The energy spectra of hydrogen isotopes are practically flat across the energy range of 10--40 MeV/n, while the spectra of helium isotopes can be fitted by a power law of spectral indexes γ = 0.8 and γ = 1.5 for 3He and 4He, respectively. |
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Keywords
Ionosphere, Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects, Ionosphere, Instruments and techniques, Magnetospheric Physics, Energetic particles, precipitating, Magnetospheric Physics, Energetic particles, trapped |
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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