Downgoing, velocity-dispersed (300 cusp crossings during low activity periods. During the largest storm, the O+ energy flux was an order of magnitude larger than the H+ energy flux. Velocity dispersed H+, with a signature of decreasing energy with increasing latitude during southward IMF, are normally observed in the low altitude cusp. These ions originate in the magnetosheath and, during dayside reconnection, are accelerated along the magnetopause with some ions funneled into the cusp. Poleward convection of the plasma leads to the latitude-velocity dispersion signature. Magnetospheric plasma can also be accelerated at the magnetopause, however the magnetosheath plasma density is much larger and magnetospheric composition is normally dominated by H+, so that distinguishing magnetospheric and magnetosheath plasma becomes difficult. During magnetic storms, auroral ionospheric outflow of O+ and He+ can be large enough to produce a significant, non-hydrogen component in the plasma sheet. These ions are convected through the inner magnetosphere and ring current, eventually appearing at the dayside magnetopause where they are accelerated and form this atypical cusp signature.