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Torii et al. 2004
Torii, T., Nishijima, T., Kawasaki, Z. and Sugita, T. (2004). Downward emission of runaway electrons and bremsstrahlung photons in thunderstorm electric fields. Geophysical Research Letters 31: doi: 10.1029/2003GL019067. issn: 0094-8276.

Intensive radiations presumably associated with lightning activities have sometimes been detected around nuclear facilities in Japan. In order to investigate the generation of bremsstrahlung photons caused by thunderstorm electric fields, we calculated the behavior of secondary cosmic ray electrons and photons in electric fields by Monte Carlo technique. The photon flux increased greatly in the region where the field strength exceeded 280(ρ(z)/ρ(0)) kV/m, and the photon energy spectrum showed a large increase in the energy region of several MeV. These are consistent with the observed results during the winter thunderstorms.

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Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Cloud physics and chemistry, Mathematical Geophysics, Numerical solutions, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Atmospheric electricity, Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics, Lightning
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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