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Detailed Reference Information
Crooker et al. 2004
Crooker, N.U., Forsyth, R., Rees, A., Gosling, J.T. and Kahler, S.W. (2004). Counterstreaming electrons in magnetic clouds near 5 AU. Journal of Geophysical Research 109: doi: 10.1029/2004JA010426. issn: 0148-0227.

Suprathermal electron pitch angle spectrograms were searched for counterstreaming signatures in 31 magnetic clouds identified in Ulysses data when the spacecraft was located ~5 AU from the Sun. Under the assumption that counterstreaming indicates closed field lines, that is, field lines attached to the Sun at both ends, we find that the clouds range from 0 to 100% closed, with an average of 55% closed, and that the percentage of closed flux tends to increase with increasing cloud size. The results are similar to those found at 1 AU, implying that the rate at which a cloud opens, presumably by interchange reconnection back at the Sun, slows significantly as its leading edge moves further out into the heliosphere.

BACKGROUND DATA FILES

Abstract

Keywords
Interplanetary Physics, Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, Coronal mass ejections, Interplanetary Physics, Interplanetary magnetic fields, Solar Physics, Astrophysics, and Astronomy, Magnetic fields, coronal mass ejections, heliospheric magnetic flux budget
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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