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Freeman et al. 2004
Freeman, J., Moresi, L. and May, D.A. (2004). Evolution into the stagnant lid convection regime with a non-Newtonian water ice rheology. Geophysical Research Letters 31: doi: 10.1029/2004GL019798. issn: 0094-8276.

We study and compare the evolution into the stagnant lid regime with a non-Newtonian water ice and a silicate rheology by solving the equations of thermal convection. Dislocation creep of water ice is characterized by a larger stress dependence (n = 4) than silicates (n = 3) and with this water ice rheology, the stagnant lid regime is attained at a temperature determined viscosity contrast greater than 1010 and at an effective viscosity contrast of ~105. We also determine a Nusselt-Rayleigh number scaling law for the n = 4 rheology.

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Abstract

Keywords
Planetology, Solid Surface Planets, Heat flow, Planetology, Solid Surface Planets, Origin and evolution, Planetology, Solid Surface Planets, Physical properties of materials
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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