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Anderson et al. 1981
Anderson, K.A., McFadden, J.P. and Lin, R.P. (1981). Propagation of low energy solar electrons. Geophysical Research Letters 8: doi: 10.1029/GL008i007p00831. issn: 0094-8276.

Electrons of solar origin in the energy range 2 to 20 keV frequently appear near Earth in impulsive bursts of one to several hours duration. The angular distributions of these particles vary greatly from one event to the next. We discuss four such events. In one of these, the pitch angles are strongly peaked in the forward direction, showing that they have propagated under nearly adiabatic conditions over distances on the order of an astronomical unit. During this event the interplanetary medium was characterized by a low intensity of magnetic fluctuations. At other times the electron events have broad pitch angle distributions. At such times, structures are present in the interplanetary magnetic field which contain magnetic fluctuations in the 3 to 30 Hz range, markedly higher in intensity than in the quiet time interplanetary magnetic field. The pitch angle distributions also possess features that can be understood as adiabatic mirroring effects taking place downstream from Earth. Downstream fields stronger than those near Earth are provided by the convecting interplanetary structures which, typically, have double the quiet time field strength. The observed features of the angular distributions can be understood as a superposition of adiabatic mirroring and pitch angle scattering in the convecting interplanetary magnetic field structures.

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Geophysical Research Letters
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American Geophysical Union
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