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Zorita et al. 2005
Zorita, E., González-Rouco, J.F., von Storch, H., Montávez, J.P. and Valero, F. (2005). Natural and anthropogenic modes of surface temperature variations in the last thousand years. Geophysical Research Letters 32: doi: 10.1029/2004GL021563. issn: 0094-8276.

The spatial patterns of surface air-temperature variations in the period 1000 to 2100, simulated with the ECHO-G atmosphere-ocean coupled model, are analyzed. The model was driven by solar, volcanic and greenhouse gas forcing. The leading mode of temperature variability in the preindustrial period represents an almost global coherent variation of temperatures, with larger amplitudes over the continents and Northern Hemisphere. This mode also describes a large part of the spatial structure of the warming simulated in the 21st century. However, in the 21st century, regional departures from this spatial structure are also present and can be ascribed to atmospheric circulation responses to anthropogenic forcing in the last decades of the 21st century.

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Processes, Climate change and variability (1616, 1635, 3309, 4215, 4513), Atmospheric Processes, Paleoclimatology (0473, 4900), Global Change, Climate dynamics (0429, 3309), Atmospheric Processes, Global climate models (1626, 4928), Global Change, Solar variability
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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