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Marmorino & Smith 2005
Marmorino, G.O. and Smith, G.B. (2005). Bright and dark ocean whitecaps observed in the infrared. Geophysical Research Letters 32: doi: 10.1029/2005GL023176. issn: 0094-8276.

Airborne infrared imagery of breaking ocean waves shows that whitecaps on actively breaking wave crests appear relatively bright while residual whitecaps appear dark compared to the ambient water surface. These differences in relative brightness, which appear to arise from changes in both emissivity and physical temperature, provide a means to investigate the evolution of a breaking wave and may be of some relevance to infrared and microwave remote sensing.

BACKGROUND DATA FILES

Abstract

Keywords
Oceanography, Physical, Surface waves and tides, Oceanography, Physical, Air/sea interactions (0312, 3339), Oceanography, General, Remote sensing and electromagnetic processes (0689, 2487, 3285, 4455, 6934)
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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