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Nanjo et al. 2005
Nanjo, K.Z., Turcotte, D.L. and Shcherbakov, R. (2005). A model of damage mechanics for the deformation of the continental crust. Journal of Geophysical Research 110. doi: 10.1029/2004JB003438. issn: 0148-0227.

We derive a continuum rheology for the deformation of the continental crust using continuum damage mechanics. It is hypothesized that when a constant strain rate $dot{varepsilon}$ is applied to a solid material, the stress σ and damage increase until failure occurs, which is analogous to an earthquake. We further assume that this process is repeated, in analogy to the reoccurrence of earthquakes on a fault. Our model assumes that the continental crust behaves elastically below a yield stress σy. Above this stress the continuum deformations can be modeled as a non-Newtonian viscous flow with $dot{varepsilon}$ $propto$ (σ - σy)n, where n is constant. We derive the modified Omori's law for aftershock decay using a viscoelastic version of our model and get good agreement with observations taking n = 6. Using parameter values appropriate for aftershocks, we obtain a continuum crustal rheology that can explain major orogenies such as the Indian-Asian collision.

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Abstract

Keywords
Tectonophysics, Rheology, crust and lithosphere, Physical Properties of Rocks, Fracture and flow, Seismology, Theory, Tectonophysics, Dynamics, seismotectonics, Seismology, Earthquake dynamics, damage mechanics, rheology, aftershock
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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