The ion and neutral temperatures in the auroral region have been compared with those in the polar cap based upon simultaneous measurements with the EISCAT-UHF radar at Troms¿ and the EISCAT Svalbard radar (ESR) at Longyearbyen from March 8 to 12 in 1999. The E region ion temperature at Troms¿ does not show any characteristic difference between dayside and nightside except for a tendency to increase slightly during the nights. At Longyearbyen, however, the E region ion temperature shows the opposite sense of the day-night asymmetry, i.e., being higher in the dayside than in the nightside. The day-night asymmetry of the neutral temperature estimated from the measured ion temperature has the same feature as the day-night asymmetry of the ion temperature. The dayside E region neutral temperature at Longyearbyen is higher than that at Troms¿, particularly at and above 110 km. The difference between them increases with increasing altitude. The E region neutral temperatures derived from the two EISCAT radars have been compared with the temperature predicted by the mass spectrometer/incoherent scatter (MSISE-90) model. The dayside neutral temperature at Troms¿ is consistent to the MSIS temperature. In contrast, the dayside E region neutral temperature at Longyearbyen is significantly higher than the MSISE-90 model temperature. Energetics which account for the distributions of the ion and neutral temperatures are also discussed.