We examine the relationship between aeolian iron deposition, ocean circulation, and atmospheric CO2 in the context of a global ocean circulation and biogeochemistry model with a coupled atmospheric reservoir of CO2. In common with previous models we find only a small reduction of atmospheric pCO2 in response to an enhanced aeolian iron source consistent with Last Glacial Maximum conditions. We show this to be due to a combination of limiting factors including control of deep ocean iron concentrations by complexation to an organic ligand, regional compensation in changes to export production, and the maintenance of high preformed nutrient concentrations in deep water formation regions. We also demonstrate a significant sensitivity of atmospheric pCO2 to changes in the residual mean overturning circulation of the Southern Ocean dominated by its regulation of the accumulation of biogenic carbon in the deep ocean. Although it is not enough to explain the full drawdown of pCO2 to glacial levels, a reduction in overturning can lead to significant reduction in atmospheric pCO2, providing mechanistic basis for the control by "vertical mixing" inferred from box models.