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Tracy 2006
Tracy, F.T. (2006). Clean two- and three-dimensional analytical solutions of Richards' equation for testing numerical solvers. Water Resources Research 42: doi: 10.1029/2005WR004638. issn: 0043-1397.

This technical note derives clean analytical solutions of Richards' equation for three-dimensional unsaturated groundwater flow. Clean means that the boundary conditions and steady state solutions are closed form expressions and the transient solutions have relatively simple additional Fourier series terms. Two-dimensional versions of these solutions are also given. The primary purpose for the solutions is to test linear and nonlinear solvers in finite difference/volume/element computer programs for accuracy and scalability using architectures ranging from PCs to parallel high-performance computers. This derivation starts from the quasi-linear assumption of relative hydraulic conductivity varying exponentially with pressure head and the separate approximation that relative hydraulic conductivity varies linearly with moisture content. This allows a transformation to be used to create a linear partial differential equation. Separation of variables and Fourier series are then used to obtain the final solution. Physically reasonable material properties are also used. A total of four solutions are given in this technical note (steady state and transient solutions for two different boundary conditions of the sample problem).

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Abstract

Keywords
Hydrology, Groundwater hydrology, Hydrology, Modeling, Hydrology, Numerical approximations and analysis, Hydrology, Vadose zone
Journal
Water Resources Research
http://www.agu.org/wrr/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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