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Sugiura 1984
Sugiura, M. (1984). A fundamental magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling mode involving field-aligned currents as deduced from DE-2 observations. Geophysical Research Letters 11: doi: 10.1029/GL011i009p00877. issn: 0094-8276.

From the magnetic and electric field observations on the DE-2 satellite it is deduced that the perturbation magnetic field and the electric field in the field-aligned current regions are, as a rule, orthogonal to each other and are highly correlated. This deduction is equivalent to the statement that the Poynting vector calculated from these magnetic and electric field components is equal to the ionospheric energy dissipation and that the height-integrated Hall current is divergence free. The state described is interpreted as a frequently prevailing mode of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling involving field-aligned currents.

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Geophysical Research Letters
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American Geophysical Union
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