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Zandt & Randall 1985
Zandt, G. and Randall, G.E. (1985). Observations of shear-coupled P waves. Geophysical Research Letters 12: doi: 10.1029/GL012i009p00565. issn: 0094-8276.

Teleseismic SV waves couple to P waves in the lithosphere in several ways. P waves converted from discontinuities in the lithosphere precede the main SV arrival as small amplitude Sp precursors. Large amplitude P waves follow the main SV arrival after conversion by reflection at the free surface, and post-critical reflection from a discontinuity in the lithosphere. SPdiff denotes a converted P wave diffracted along the underside of the crust when a teleseismic SV wave strikes it from below near the critical angle of incidence. We observed several of these shear-coupled P waves on seismograms of deep earthquakes recorded at broadband seismic stations (RSTN) in North America. For these paths, large amplitudes relative to SV characterize the lithospheric multiple near 50¿, with amplitudes decreasing rapidly beyond 60¿. Calculation of synthetic seismograms indicate that a post-critical reflection from a discontinuity at 70--80 km depth where compressional velocity increases abruptly to about 8.5 km/s produce the largest amplitude P arrival. The observations of these shear-coupled P waves presents a previously untapped source of information about the fine structure of the upper mantle.

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Geophysical Research Letters
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American Geophysical Union
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