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Shepon et al. 2007
Shepon, A., Gildor, H., Labrador, L.J., Butler, T., Ganzeveld, L.N. and Lawrence, M.G. (2007). Global reactive nitrogen deposition from lightning NOx. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: doi: 10.1029/2006JD007458. issn: 0148-0227.

We present results of the deposition of nitrogen compounds formed from lightning (LNO x ) using the global chemical transport Model of Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry--Max Planck Institute for Chemistry version. The model indicates an approximately equal deposition of LNO x in both terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems, primarily in the tropics and midlatitudes open ocean, despite much higher intensities of lightning flashes above landmasses. The highest values of deposition are due to wet convective deposition, with highest values concentrated in the tropical continents. Nonconvective wet deposition, associated with large-scale weather patterns, occurs over large areas of the ocean amid lower values per square meter, manifesting the long-range transport of NO y , including long-lived species such as HNO3 at high altitudes and PAN. Dry deposition is concentrated primarily above landmasses, yet oceanic deposition over wide areas is still observed. Combined together, the total LNO x deposition exhibits maximal influx values over land, whereas oceanic deposition over wider areas renders the integrated deposition over both ecosystems almost identical. Peaks of terrestrial deposition values (located in Africa, South America, and Asia) show seasonal variability by meridionally penetrating the northern or southern midlatitude following the corresponding summer hemisphere, in accordance with the migration of LNO x production sites. On land, wet and dry deposition rates are more or less equal with a small bias toward wet deposition, whereas above the ocean, wet deposition is markedly higher because of a small water uptake efficiency and relatively small surface roughness. Further work of modeling additional species and obtaining more information on different compounds is required.

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Abstract

Keywords
Global Change, Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling (0412, 0414, 0793, 4805, 4912), Atmospheric Processes, Lightning, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Troposphere, composition and chemistry, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Geochemical cycles, Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Constituent sources and sinks
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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