An investigation of the fine structure of the ozone and aerosol distribution in the atmosphere through photography of the rising and setting Sun in four wavelengths and of the Earth's twilight limb was performed from the Soviet orbital station Salyut 7 in September 1985. Using a renewed mathematical algorithm, vertical distributions of ozone and aerosol and their layered structure over separate regions were derived from photographs. Subsequent validation of the data obtained has confirmed that the data were retrieved with sufficient accuracy. Analysis of the images obtained reveals typical features of the fine structure of aerosol distribution in the troposphere and stratosphere. The aerosol layered structure as observed in the northern and southern hemispheres at the heights 0--18 km and 0--36 km, respectively. In both hemispheres the aerosol fine structure possesses equal altitudinal periodicity of 2.4--2.6 km. ¿American Geophysical Union 1991