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Takahashi et al. 1987
Takahashi, K., Zanetti, L.J., Potemra, T.A. and Acuña, M.H. (1987). A model for the harmonic of compressional Pc 5 waves. Geophysical Research Letters 14: doi: 10.1029/GL014i004p00363. issn: 0094-8276.

Compressional Pc 5 magnetic waves in the magnetosphere are a unique phenomenon showing a nonsinusoidal waveform in spite of a well-defined period. Although the waveform can be Fourier-decomposed into the fundamental and the second harmonics, the phase between the two is kept constant from event to event, implying that we cannot regard the waveform as the result of a chance superposition of two magnetospheric eigenmodes. We offer a phenomenological explanation to this waveform using a field-line configuration model that is a modified version of a previously proposed antisymmetric standing wave. In this model, the location of the equatorial node of field-line displacement is assumed to oscillate with the wave, with a peak-to-peak amplitude greater than 10% of the wavelength of the standing wave. The predicted waveform at various magnetic latitudes is found to be in excellent agreement with an observation taken near the magnetic equator by the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers/Charge Composition Explorer spacecraft. ¿American Geophysical Union 1987

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Geophysical Research Letters
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American Geophysical Union
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