Melting temperatures of CaSiO3 perovskite were measured between 160 and 430 kbar in a diamond anvil cell under hydrostatic, inert conditions using CO2-laser heating. The melting temperatures are higher than those obtained in previous YAG-laser heating experiments [Shen and Lazor, 1995>, where chemical reactions of the sample with rhenium might have caused a lowering in the melting temperatures. The melting temperatures of CaSiO3 perovskite are slightly higher than those of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite [Zerr and Boehler, 1993>, thus making the two major minerals of the lower mantle Mg-Si-perovskite and magnesiow¿site the low-melting components. First in-situ measurements of the eutectic melting temperatures of these two minerals are presented. The data suggest that eutectic melting depression in the lower mantle may be insignificant. An alternate solution for the extrapolation of the measured melting temperatures to higher pressures, based on recent observations on the highly compressible alkali halides, yields melting temperatures at the bottom of the lower mantle below 6000 K.¿ 1997 American Geophysical Union