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Earle et al. 2000
Earle, G.D., Kane, T.J., Pfaff, R.F. and Bounds, S.R. (2000). Ion layer separation and equilibrium zonal winds in midlatitude sporadic E. Geophysical Research Letters 27: doi: 10.1029/1999GL900572. issn: 0094-8276.

In-situ observations of a moderately strong midlatitude sporadic-E layer show a separation in altitude between distinct sublayers composed of Fe+, Mg+, and NO+. From these observations it is possible to estimate the zonal wind field consistent with diffusive equilibrium near the altitude of the layer. The amplitude of the zonal wind necessary to sustain the layer against diffusive effects is less than 10 m/s, and the vertical wavelength is less than 10 km. ¿ 2000 American Geophysical Union

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Abstract

Keywords
Atmospheric Composition and Structure, Thermosphere—composition and chemistry, Ionosphere, Ionosphere, Midlatitude ionosphere
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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