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Butler & Stolarski 1978
Butler, D.M. and Stolarski, R.S. (1978). Photoelectrons and Electron Temperatures in the Venus Ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 83: doi: 10.1029/JA083iA05p02057. issn: 0148-0227.

Solar wind induced magnetic fields may be present in the dayside ionosphere of Venus. A scale analysis and detailed calculations of the effects of different field line orientations on photoelectron transport and electron temperature show that horizontal magnetic fields considerably alter the profiles of electron heating and temperature and photoelectron flux. Direct injection of solar wind electrons has been considered, and the effects are minor. No evidence is found to support the suggestion that a sharp gradient in electron temperature is the cause of certain features in the Mariner 10 electron density profile.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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