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Nishida 1979
Nishida, A. (1979). Possible origin of transient dusk-to-dawn electric field in the nightside magnetosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 84: doi: 10.1029/JA084iA07p03409. issn: 0148-0227.

Development of the electromagnetic field in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system is examined under the condition that a constant current generator supplied current to the system after t=0. It is shown that at high altitudes there are intervals when the electric field is transiently directed opposite to the direction of the supplied current. Namely, transient dusk-to-dawn electric field can be generated from ionospheric channeling of the dawn-to-dusk tail current during an early stage of the development of the tail-ionosphere current system. Electric field with the opposite polarity is produced during intervals when the field reflected from the ionosphere dominates over the incident field.

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Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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