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Takeda & Maeda 1980
Takeda, M. and Maeda, H. (1980). Three-dimensional structure of ionospheric currents 1. Currents caused by dirunal tidal winds. Journal of Geophysical Research 85: doi: 10.1029/JA080i012p06895. issn: 0148-0227.

Three-dimensional current structure in the ionsphere (90--400 km) is calculated for (1,--2) tidal winds, assuming that the parallel conductivity (&sgr;0) is infinite and therefore that the electrostatic potential is constant along magnetic field line. Calculated structure of height-integrated currents is essentially the same as the observed Sq current system. It is also shown that a meridional current system alwasy exists in the equatorial region and that the east-west component of currents could be reversed only near the equator. Though electric currents flow mainly in the E region, currents in the F region contribute a little, especially to poleward currents at middle and high latitudes.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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