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Kozyra et al. 1982
Kozyra, J.U., Cravens, T.E. and Nagy, A.F. (1982). Energetic O+ Precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research 87: doi: 10.1029/JA087iA04p02481. issn: 0148-0227.

Fluxes of energetic O+ ions often observed precipitating into the atmopshere and are possibly a significant energy source for the ionosphere and thermosphere. Models of these events indicate that most of the energy of such an O+ beam is deposited as neutral heat at F region heights and a significant escape of flux of O atom results. The distribution of this heating with altitude, however, has a major effect on the type and significance of the aeronomical consequences than it can initiate. The particulars of this distribution are very sensitive to the cross sections and scattering parameters used in the modeling. A comparison of hard sphere and classical elastic parameters indicates that using the latter, more realistic formulation not only results in a more penetrating beam but reduces the escape flux by as much as a factor of 2 over the hard sphere treatment.

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Journal of Geophysical Research
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