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Hoffman et al. 1988
Hoffman, R.A., Sugiura, M., Maynard, N.C., Candey, R.M., Craven, J.D. and Frank, L.A. (1988). Electrodynamic patterns in the polar region during periods of extreme magnetic quiescence. Journal of Geophysical Research 93: doi: 10.1029/88JA03267. issn: 0148-0227.

The electrodynamic patterns in the polar region during periods of extreme magnetic and auroral quiescence are analyzed for the existence of region 1 and region 2 field-aligned current systems, convection patterns, and electron precipitation boundaries. Within the capabilities of identification, the large-scale region 1 and region 2 currents are usually absent during quiet periods, except in the cusp region, though a seasonal effect is observed with lowest probabilities of identifying these regions occurring in the winter hemisphere. Field-aligned currents continue to be present, but as small-scale structures distributed through the auroral oval and over the entire polar cap. Convection patterns are always found in the summer hemisphere, though with large-amplitude irregularities superimposed, but their probability for existence decreases significantly around the winter solstice. Structured electron precipitation extends over the entire polar region independent of season. The likelihood of finding separate regions of diffuse and structured electron precipitation is fairly small except in the cusp. No consistent relationship exists between the high-latitude boundary of >35-keV electron precipitation and boundaries for lower-electron precipitation and boundaries for lower-energy electrons. The extreme quiescent periods for the northern hemisphere seem to exist when the interplanetary magnetic field has a northward component and a high probability of a sunward component, producing minimal merging sites for the northern polar cap field lines. ¿ American Geophysical Union 1988

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Abstract

Keywords
Ionosphere, Electric fields, Ionosphere, Particle precipitation, Ionosphere, Plasma convection, Ionosphere, Auroral ionosphere
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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American Geophysical Union
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