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Lockwood & Webber 1990
Lockwood, J.A. and Webber, W.R. (1990). Differences in the solar modulation of E>60 meV cosmic rays at earth and 18 AU during a complete 11-year cycle from 1977 to 1988. Journal of Geophysical Research 95: doi: 10.1029/89JA01565. issn: 0148-0227.

We have reconstructed the cosmic ray intensities for E>60 MeV particles at a constant radius of 18 AU using data from the IMP, Voyager and Pioneer spacecraft. These intensities are compared with the intensities at Earth for a complete 11-year cycle from 1977 to 1988. It is found that the variations at 1 AU and 18 AU track very closely during the decreasing portion of the cycle from 1977 to 1982 but during the recovery the intensity at 18 AU increases much less than at Earth with the result that in 1987 the intensity is only 82% of that at the previous minimum in 1977. At Earth this fraction is 96¿1.5%. These results imply that the integral radial gradient between 1 and 18 AU is constant in time from 1977 to 1982 but decreases from 1982 to 1988. Thus, the amplitude of the 11-year variation observed at a fixed energy is quite strongly radially dependent, with the amplitude becoming less at larger radii. We suggest that this asymmetry in the magnitude of the 11-year variation is responsible for the appearance of ''superfluxes'' of H and He observed in 1976, but not in 1965 and 1987, and also for the time and energy dependent hysteresis effects observed in the recovery portion of the modulation cycle. The implications of this, which in effect is a 22-year modulation cycle superimposed on the usual 11-year modulation, are discussed in terms of the changing solar magnetic field polarity and modulation models such as the drift-wavy current sheet model which predict significant alternate 11-year modulation cycle effects.

BACKGROUND DATA FILES

Abstract

Keywords
Interplanetary Physics, Cosmic rays
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
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Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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