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Kelley & Livingston 2003
Kelley, M.C. and Livingston, R. (2003). Barium cloud striations revisited. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: doi: 10.1029/2002JA009412. issn: 0148-0227.

Rocket-based barium cloud striation observations from the 1970s are revisited based on a better knowledge of naturally occurring irregularities and on a previously unpublished analysis. A sharp drop in the spectral density of the plasma density fluctuation power is found near 25 m wavelength. This mimics equatorial spread F (ESF) spectra reported in the 1990s. Structure balance arguments show that the effective perpendicular ambipolar diffusion coefficient is 25 times the classical value, in good agreement with the natural case. We speculate that three-wave coupling occurs to small scales where damped modes provide this anomalous diffusion effect, which is one-tenth the value of the Bohm diffusion.

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Abstract

Keywords
Ionosphere, Ionospheric irregularities, Ionosphere, Ionospheric disturbances, Ionosphere, Midlatitude ionosphere, Ionosphere, Plasma waves and instabilities
Journal
Journal of Geophysical Research
http://www.agu.org/journals/jb/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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