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Kirkland et al. 2004
Kirkland, L.E., Herr, K.C. and Adams, P.M. (2004). A different perspective for the Mars rover “Opportunity” site: Fine-grained, consolidated hematite and hematite coatings. Geophysical Research Letters 31: doi: 10.1029/2003GL019284. issn: 0094-8276.

Since 2001, there have been two, parallel interpretations of Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) observations of Sinus Meridiani, which are: (1) coarse-grained (gray) hematite is the only spectral match; and (2) fine-grained hematite with particles closer than ~wavelength (fine-intimate hematite, e.g., coating, ferricrete) is a better match, but coarse hematite is also viable. The TES team interpreted the spectra as consistent only with a large deposit (~750 km ¿ 350 km) of coarse hematite (>5--10 ¿m grain size). Coarse hematite is considered strong evidence for longstanding water, which led to the decision to land the rover Opportunity there. On the other hand, the Aerospace/LPI remote sensing team argued that fine-intimate hematite can better match TES spectra. A thin coating (~5--10 ¿m thick) and a low exposure (<5%) could cause the observed signatures. The distinction is important because: (1) It is unknown whether fine-grained hematite implies abundant water; (2) Fine-intimate hematite may explain the non-detection of coexisting aqueous alteration minerals and the lack of hematite wind streaks; (3) Current hematite abundance maps may instead map the surface texture; (4) Coatings may be of astrobiology interest; (5) Studies are needed to determine whether visible-infrared spectra can definitively distinguish fine-intimate from coarse hematite.

BACKGROUND DATA FILES

Abstract

Keywords
Planetology, Solid Surface Planets, Composition, Planetology, Solid Surface Planets, Remote sensing, Planetology, Solar System Objects, Mars, Planetology, Solar System Objects, Instruments and techniques
Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
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