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Detailed Reference Information
Lyons et al. 1985
Lyons, L.R., Waltersheild, R.L. and Killeen, T.L. (1985). The neutral wind ‘‘flywheel’’ as a source of quiet-time, polar-cap currents. Geophysical Research Letters 12: doi: 10.1029/GL012i002p00101. issn: 0094-8276.

The neutral wind pattern over the summer polar cap can be driven by plasma convection to resemble the convection pattern. For a north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field Bz directed southward, the wind speeds in the conducting E-region can become ~25% of the electric field drift speeds. If convection ceases, this neutral wind distribution can drive a significant polar cap current system for ~6 hours. The currents are reversed from those driven by the electric fields for southward Bz, and the Hall and field-aligned components of the current system resemble those observed during periods of northward Bz. The current magnitudes are similar to those observed during periods of small, northward Bz; however observations indicate that electric fields often contribute to the currents as much as, or more than, the neutral winds.

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Geophysical Research Letters
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